Method of and means for manufacturing mantles for incandescent gas-lighting.



I. WERBER. METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR MANUFACTURING MANTLES FOR INCANDESGENT GAS LIGHTING. APPLICATION FILED MAB..17, 1910.

7 922 Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

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COLUMB] A PLANOGRAPH COuWASHlNGTON. D. c.

I. WERBER. METHOD OP-AND MEANS FOR MANUFACTURING MANTLES FOB. INCANDESGBNT GAS LIGHTING. APPLICATION IILED MARQ17, 1910.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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ISIDOR WERBER, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGABY.

METHOD OF AND MEANS F03; MANUFACTURING MANTLES FOB INGANDESGENT GAS- LIGHTING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nev. at, 1913.

Application filed March 17, 1910. Serial No. 549,867.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, IsIDon VVERBER, of Diirergasse No. 19, Vienna, VI, Empire of Austria -Hungary, have invented an Improved Method of and Means for Manufacturing Mantles for Incandescent Gas-Lighting; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Heretofore mantles for incandescent gas lighting have been manufactured by. draw:

i119; together a suitable length of hose at oneend, either by hand or by means of a machine. The first named method of manufacture is troublesome and slow, so that the operative is only able to manufacture a rel atively small number of mantles during a days work, and both methods of manufacture present the defect that a uniform contraction of the hose for forming what is called the spider is not possible, but folds of different sizes are produced irregularly and form a very thick spider, thereby producing irregularity in the thickness of the finished mantle, resulting; in irregular incandescence of the mantle, as the thickened parts are less bright.

The present invention has for its object to provide a method of and means for manufacturing mantles for incandescent gas lightingof all kinds, but more particularly for inverted lighting, by means of which the said defects are obviated, that is to say the mantles can be readily and speedily manufactured by machinery and the material of the hose is uniformly distributed toward the spider and the latter is not thickened.

The process consists of a number of stages or operations. The first operation consists in drawing a piece of hose presenting the single length or a multiple of the lengths of the mantle to be formed onto a suitable cylindrical mandrel, and then drawing together the part projecting beyond the mandrel from the exterior to the interioron all sides simultaneously and uniformly, and finally cutting ofi' any superfluous part that may remain. The hose drawn together in this manner can either be tied on the apparatus at the narrowest part, or else stitched on a suitable sewing machine for forming as even a spider as possible. The second operation in the process consists in transferring the mantle drawn together at its edge onto an appropriate sewing machine and in stitching it thereon. In orderto permit of stitching the contracted mantle on a sewing machine, care must be taken that the contraction does not come undone, as it would then lose its form. With this object, the contracted collar of the mantle is either seized above the contracting device by means of a clip, or else clamped by means of a clamping device operative through the small opening remaining in the collar on theoutside and inside of the latter. By means of this device the mantle is arranged on a suitable sewing' machine and then stitched around the clamping" device. device can then be removed and the hole can then be stitched (finished ofl) if desired.

The process will now be described with reference to the accompanying; drawings,

which show the means for carrying it into practice. c

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representasection on the line AA in Fig. 1. Fig. 4i

is a plan view of the contracting device.

Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 illustrate two constructional forms of clamping device for trans ferring the contracted'hose onto the sewing; machine. Figs. 9 and 10 represent a contracted mantle for inverted burners in the clamped position. Figs. 11 and 12 il.lus trate a part of the finished mantle in section and in plan respectively and Fig. 13 illustrates another form of clamping device. Figs. 1t16 show a contracted mantle for inverted burners, in the clamped position, in different phases.

The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 consists of a base plate 1 on which a vertical sleeve 2 presenting a diameter corresponding to the width of the mantle to be formed is mounted. A mandrel 3 is dis-' placeablyarranged in this sleeve, its upper part 4 tapering" to any desired shape; in the present case it forms a truncated cone. The tapered part may, however, present any other desired form such as hemispherical, for example. The mandrel 3, 4 is held in its uppermost position by means of a spring 5, this position being defined by a sl ght con traction of the upper edge of the sleeve 2.

The mandrel 3, 4 can be depressedin opposition to the action of the spring 5 as far as a stop in the sleeve, which may be formed by the member 6, for example. An annular clamping device 7 (Figs. 1 to 3) is arranged on the sleeve 2 and serves as a stop for the hose 8 which is to be passed over the sleeve and displaced along the sleeve for the purpose of adjusting it to the desired length for the mantle; the hose can be held by tightening the clamping screw.

The apparatus likewise comprises a device by means of which it is possible to contract or draw inward simultaneously and uniformly from all sides the hose which has been passed over the sleeve 2. Preferably this object is. attained by the known iris shutter which consists of a ring 9 and the plates 10 rotatable therein and which can be displaced inward simultaneously and uniformly by means of a handle 11, while invariably constituting a circle of gradually decreasing diameter. This device is mounted on an upright 12 arranged on the base plate 1 in such a manner that it can be adjusted vertically and fixed at any height and is adjusted relatively to the sleeve 2 in such a manner that the plane in which lie the plates 10 is situated only slightly above the upper edge of the sleeve 2.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The hose 8, which is fed axially to the cylinder 2 between guide rollers 13, is passed upon the cylinder as far as the suitably adjusted clamping ring 7 permits. Then by rotating the handle '11 the plates 10 of the iris shutter are displaced in such a manner that they form a constantly decreasing circle. They press the hose against the cone 4, which, owing to the pressure, descends in proportion as the circle becomes smaller. As the pressure of the plates 10 is produced all around simultaneously and uniformly, the hose is uniformly contracted throughout its entire periphery so that the folds formed must necessarily be uniform. This stage is shown in Fig. 2. Although owing to the number of plates comprised in an iris shutter this device gives the best result as regards uniform contraction of the hose, this device can be replaced by one comprising a number of parts capable of being displaced radially inward simultaneously and uniformly by means of a single handle. The collar 14 of the contracted hose formed by drawing it together can then be tied, preferably below the plates 10, either before or after the superfluous length of hose has been out. off. The hose can be severed by hand by means of scissors or the like, or by means of a suitable severing device provided on the apparatus and operated by a pedal for example. The tied collar can then be stitched on a suitable sewing machine.

If it is desired to produce a very thin spider the following procedure is adopted.

The collar 14 is seized by one of the clamping devices illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8. The clamping device consists of a number of resilient arms 15 arranged in a circle and connected at their upper end by means of a head 16 and over which a sleeve 17 is passed in such a manner that as it approaches the free ends of the resilient arms they are brought together. In the construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 a central mandrel 18 is provided inside the resilient arms; in the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 this mandrel is dispensed with.

When the collar 14 of the contracted hose has been seized by one of the two clamping devices described, the iris shutter can be opened and the mantle removed from the sleeve 2 and transferred to a suitable sewing machine for stitching the spider without risk of this contracted part of the mantle becoming loose or losing its shape during this operation. lVhen the clamping device comprising the mandrel is used, the latter is inserted in the opening of the collar of the mantle and thus insures the action of the clamping device. On the sewing machine the mantle is stitched closely around the clamping device, which is then released. When the material of which the collar is composed is pressed down, the stitching operation can be continued until the spider is completely closed or stitched. The stitching operation can be effected in a spiral line 20 (Fig. 12), in the form of a cross 19, or in the manner of a monogram.

In effecting the stitching on the sewing machine it is advantageous if the clamping device embracing the collar 14 is guided in such a manner that it can berotated about its own axis for the purpose of effecting the first part of the stitching operation. With this object a small rod is rotatably mounted on the upper end on the head of the sewing machine which carries the needle bar; this rod is rotated in the horizontal plane whereupon the clamping device is fitted by means of the bore 21 provided either in the mandrel 18 or inthe head 16. lVhen the small rod and the clamping device and the mantle clamped on its lower end have been drawn back, the stitching operation around the aw of the clamping device can be started.

The contraction of the mantle can be secured for the purpose of stitching it in the following manner also: On the upper small recessed base 22 of the cone 4 (Figs. 1 and 2) one part of an ordinary spring button device is mounted as indicated at 23 in Figs. 9 and 10. Now when. the hose has been contracted and the superfluous part cutofi" very closely immediately above the segment 10, the corresponding spring button member 24 is arranged upon the part 23, the parts thereby assuming the position illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. Theflange of the spring button member 23- rests on the inner side of the spider to be formed while its head projects outward through the small opening formed after the hose has. been closely sev ered. By the arrangement of the second part of the spring button the material of the mantle situated around the opening is pressed downward between the two flanges of the spring button and finally clamped in such a manner that a collar of the. kind previously referred to no longer exists, but the material lies in a plane around the opening. If the mantle is stitched around and given the finishing stitching while this clamping is effected, a spider is obtained which is only slightly thicker than the rest of the mantle. By this means uniform and intense incandescence of the spider is insured.

A spring button is referred to only by way of example as a clamping device for this purpose; the essence of such a clamping device resides in the fact that the material of the spider is firmly clamped around the small hole between the two flanges. Another form of clamping device of this kind is illustrated in Fig. 13. This device consists of a sleeve 25 the upper edge 26 of which forms the clamping face corresponding to the spring button member 23. A pin 27 can be inserted in this sleeve, this pin at its upper end comprising a flange 28 which forms the clamping flange corresponding to the spring button member 2 1. In using this clamping device the sleeve 25.is inserted in an axial bore in the mandrel 3, 4:, and when the hose has been contracted and severed, the pin 27 is inserted in the sleeve and connected with it in some known manner, preferably automatically, for the purpose of clamping the material of the mantle located around the opening, and by means of this device the mantle can be removed and transferred to the sewing machine. The contracted part of the mantle may be also held in place by means of an annular disk or the like provided with serrations or the like whereupon the part of the mantle exposed inside the ring is sewn. It is likewise possible to form the spider by sticking together the material of the mantle which has been pressed flat; this can be done either with or without the annular disk or disks. This method is illustrated in Figs. 14 to 16.

Fig. 1a illustrates the manner in which the hose 8 is drawn over the cylinder 2 and how the collar 14 is formed by means of pressure exerted simultaneously and uniformly inward with the assistance of a cone 4 which springs upward. Contrary to what is the case in the method of manufacture heretofore adopted, the contracted part of the mantle 8, that is to say the collar 14, is held in place by means of an annular disk This disk; is provided with downwardly extending points 31, preferably on the edge of its; opening.:

After the mantle 8 has been contracted,

the annular disk 30 with downwardly directed serrations 31 is placed upon the mantle, against the material of which it is pressed either by hand or by means of a suitable depressing device. This action causes: the teeth. 31 to penetrate through the material and holdit with sufficient firmness to permit of effecting the subsequent manipulations. Before the annular disk. and

i the mantle have been removed from the I cone 4 the material of the collar 14 is pressed down into one plane and the mantle S is turned upward as shown in Figs. 15 and 16.

If the spider is to be formed by sewing with the method of holding the mantle just described, it is possible to sew it directly through the opening in the annular disk. This sewing can be effected in any convenient manner such for example as in a spiral 19 and in a radial direction 20. In doing this it is desirable to insert the annular disk 30 in a circular recess on the sewing machine, which only permits of such a displacement of the annular disk 30 in a plane, so that the needle can never become broken or blunted on the annular disk. The edge 32 prevents injury to the points 31.

With the method of fixing the mantle de scribed above the spider can likewise be formed in other ways than by sewing, that is to say by sticking for example. For this purpose an adhesive is employed which consists of a mixture of some organic adhesive with the nitrates of the metals employed in making the incandescent body. This adhesive is applied to the flat pressed material through the opening in the annular disk and the disk allowed to remain on the mantle until the adhesive has dried. When the mantle is used the organic adhesive is burnt off and finally only the oxids of the metals remain as on the rest of the mantle, but these are sufficient to hold the upper part of the mantle together.

If a quick drying adhesive is used, the ring 30 can be dispensed with; in this case the adhesive is merely brushed upon the contracted and flattened part of the mantle.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A device for stitching contracted mantles for incandescent lighting, comprising an annular disk provided with serrations for holding the contracted part of the mantle in place for sewing it inside of the disk.

2. An apparatus for use in the manufacture of mantles, comprising a cylindrical mandrel, and an iris shutter mount-ed concentric to the upper surface of said mandrel.

3. In an apparatus of the kind described, a mandrel consisting of a sleeve, a member axially displaceable therein, and a stop, said displaceable member being tapered above and maintained in the raised position by a spring, While by the action of a contracting device it maybe pressed down ward as far as the stop.

4. In an apparatus of the kind described a mandrel consisting of a sleeve, a member axially displaceable therein, and an adjustable stop, said displaceable member being tapered above and maintained in the raised position by a spring, while by the action of a contracting device it may be pressed downward as far as the stop.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 15 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DR. ISIDOR VVERBER.

Witnesses ALBIN SCHILLER, AUGUST FUG GER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

